Debate over Halloumi PDO milk quota revisions in Cyprus

Cyprus’ cheesemakers, represented by the Cheesemakers’ Association, are considering a formal request to revise the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) requirements for halloumi. The industry faces pressure following a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak that impacted sheep and goat populations, making the mandatory 51% sheep and goat milk ratio difficult to meet by the July 2029 deadline. A government decree currently allows a temporary reduction of this ratio to 15% until 31 December 2026. Cheesemakers argue that amending the long-term quota is essential to sustain exports, which generate approximately €350 million annually. Conversely, the sheep and goat farmers’ association vehemently opposes any changes, insisting on full compliance with the 51% requirement to preserve the product's authenticity and traditional farming methods. The farmers claim that industry pressure seeks to prioritize cow milk-based production over established PDO standards. Any formal amendment to the PDO framework would require a lengthy European Union approval process, estimated at 18 to 24 months. The ongoing dispute highlights a fundamental clash between industrial export goals and the protection of traditional, authentic livestock farming.