EU ministers approve new rules for return of third-country nationals

On October 1, 2026, EU interior ministers meeting in Luxembourg gave final approval to new regulations concerning the return of third-country nationals who do not have the right to remain in the European Union. These rules complement the existing EU Pact on Migration and Asylum and introduce standardized procedures for returns, as well as new obligations for individuals required to leave the bloc.

Irish Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform Jim O'Callaghan noted that currently, approximately two out of three individuals ordered to leave the EU fail to do so. To improve this, the framework introduces the 'European Return Order' to facilitate the recognition of return decisions across member states. The new regulations also authorize the creation of 'return hubs' located outside the EU for individuals whose asylum applications have been rejected.

Individuals who do not cooperate with authorities may face sanctions, including the reduction of benefits, withdrawal of incentives for voluntary return, fines, or potential criminal penalties depending on national legislation. While the mutual recognition of return orders is currently optional, the European Commission is expected to review the policy in three years, with the possibility of proposing mandatory status.