European Public Prosecutor's Office investigates Spanish rail infrastructure agencies

On November 6, 2026, the European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO) launched an investigation into potential fraud regarding EU funds allocated for upgrading the Madrid-Seville high-speed rail line. The investigation involves the inspection of records at three major Spanish state institutions: the railway infrastructure manager Adif, the State Railway Safety Agency (AESF), and the Spanish Court of Audit. The operation is being supported by the Central Operational Unit (UCO) of the Spanish Civil Guard.

The probe focuses on the allocation and management of funds intended for safety enhancements, signaling, and communication systems. The investigation follows two fatal accidents on the same rail line in 2026, which resulted in a total of 115 deaths. Notably, an accident in Urda, Toledo, on October 28, 2026, claimed the lives of 69 people, which reportedly prompted the EPPO to initiate these proceedings on its own motion.

While the agencies involved have acknowledged the EPPO's actions, the investigation remains in its early stages. Authorities have not disclosed further details regarding the specific findings or the scope of the potential fraud. The process involves a thorough review of documents and evidence related to the maintenance and modernization projects that were supposed to improve safety on this critical transport corridor.